The 1942 summer campaign of the Italo-German army in Africa, led by Erwin Rommel, resulted in a series of astonishing successes. [42] Rommel could afford these losses even less since shipments from Italy had been substantially reduced (in June, he received 5,000 short tons (4,500 t) of supplies compared with 34,000 short tons (31,000 t) in May and 400 vehicles (compared with 2,000 in May). The fact that the Eighth Army was run by the British probably didn’t help, either, especially when things went wrong and it was clear that army command was at fault. The 90th Light Division was then to veer north to cut the coastal road and trap the defenders of the Alamein box (which Rommel thought was occupied by the remains of the 50th Infantry Division) and the Afrika Korps would veer right to attack the rear of XIII Corps. [102][107] Meanwhile, 50th RTR supporting the Australians was having difficulty locating the minefield gaps made by Australian 2/24th Battalion. [67], After seven days of fierce fighting, the battle in the north for Tel el Eisa salient petered out. Rommel was later to blame the failure to break through to the Nile on how the sources of supply to his army had dried up and how: then the power of resistance of many Italian formations collapsed. Why don't libraries smell like bookstores? Sorry, your blog cannot share posts by email. [15] Axis forces captured more than 6,000 prisoners, in addition to 40 tanks and an enormous quantity of supplies. All rights reserved. The tanks, meanwhile, charged on into a trap of guns from which the survivors escaped only by retreat. ( Log Out / About 350 New Zealanders were taken prisoner. At 06:00 on 22 July, Australian 26th Brigade attacked Tel el Eisa and Australian 24th Brigade attacked Tel el Makh Khad toward Miteirya (Ruin Ridge). Australian 9th Division estimated at least 2,000 Axis troops had been killed and more than 3,700 prisoners of war taken in the battle. Popularly known as The Desert Fox, Erwin Rommel is seen as the driving force that led the Afrika Korps in pursuit of the Eight Army in the battle of El Alamein. Rommel mined and fortified a forty-mile line in considerable depth and strength–unusually, in a desert war, both flanks were sealed, by the Mediterranean in the north and by the Qattara Depression in the south. [19] The Axis, too, believed that the capture of Egypt was imminent; Italian leader Benito Mussolini—sensing a historic moment—flew to Libya to prepare for his triumphal entry into Cairo. The Suomen Ilmavoimat (Finnish Air Force). With the help of the armour and artillery, the Indians were able to take their objectives by early afternoon. Rommel had planned to attack on 30 June but supply and transport difficulties had resulted in a day's delay, vital to the defending forces reorganising on the Alamein line. Its progress was checked at the Miteirya ridge and it was forced to withdraw that evening to the El Alamein box. [86][f], The Eighth Army now enjoyed a massive superiority in material over the Axis forces: 1st Armoured Division had 173 tanks and more in reserve or in transit,[88] including 61 Grants[81] while Rommel possessed only 38 German tanks and 51 Italian tanks[89][90] although his armoured units had some 100 tanks awaiting repair. [76] At 17:00, Nehring launched his counter-attack. When did Canada declare war on Germany during... Where was the final battle of the Pacific War... Why did the British declare war on Germany? The British prevented a second advance by the Axis forces into Egypt. Tuker thought the division was ‘a very ponderous affair … like dear old Freyberg’, and Dorman Smith considered it had not responded easily to the ‘scrambling, impromptu’ sort of fighting of July. What is the rising action of faith love and dr lazaro? Study.com really helped me achieve my goals of becoming a nurse in the medical field by making studying easier than ever!! On 29 June, he ordered XXX Corps—the 1st South African, 5th and 10th Indian divisions—to take the coastal sector on the right of the front and XIII Corps—the 2nd New Zealand Division and 4th Indian divisions—to be on the left. So pervasive is wartime propaganda (and what country will denigrate its soldiers either during a war or afterwards?) At about 18:15, 2nd Armoured Brigade engaged the German armour and halted the Axis eastward advance. [22], On 30 June, Rommel's Panzerarmee Afrika approached the Alamein position. As a result, the New Zealand brigades occupied exposed positions on the ridge without support weapons except for a few anti-tank guns. The South Africans were Africans, and they were committed only to the defence of the African continent, a condition imposed so literally that when Auchinleck made plans to withdraw from the Delta should the Axis break through at Alamein, part of his army would have had to withdraw south up the Nile. Barbarossa to ‘Berlog’ – Soviet Air Force, Rome Military mid-fourth century to the mid-third century BC, Rommel Recaptures Cyrenaica, January 1942, Russian Weapons, that are currently in service…, A Lesson of History: The Luftwaffe and Barbarossa. What weapons did the Battle of El Alamein have? When did organ music become associated with baseball? What if Eisenhower Had Driven On to Berlin? The Axis forces were exhausted and understrength. Deploying a far larger contingent of soldiers and tanks than the opposition, British commander Bernard Law Montgomery launched an infantry attack at El Alamein on Oct. 23, 1942. If you are having a hard time studying and deciding which way of studying is the best, Study.com is the solution - it makes studying hassle free! Indeed, at Tobruk they bested Rommel by having the troops lie low while the panzers went by, to emerge to fight off the surprised following infantry.
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