sparta government facts

First, it remained a monarchy of a peculiar kind: two kings ruled at the same time during Sparta’s entire history as an independent state. It was a demanding state. Sparta was known as one of the strongest city-states in Greece. The Assembly, the most democratic component of the Spartan government, comprised all male citizens over the age of thirty. The Perioikoi were true Spartans: together with the Spartiates they constituted the entire free Spartan folk. "Sparta More abundant fare was also available during religious festivals. One or two of the rules about personal property proved untenable in the long run and were repealed in the fourth century. The famous city states in Greece included Athens and Sparta. The government of Sparta and that of Athens were very different from each other; Sparta was a warrior city-state and its government was mostly aristocratic and run by two kings while the government of Athens was democratic and run by all of its citizens. However, the war turned in Sparta’s favor as the Athenians were unable to attack Sparta from the sea and spent themselves on other campaigns. This happened as Sparta tried to take over Athens. Spartans were required to eat moderately; in effect they were put on strict rations of what was generally unappetizing food. Cartledge, Paul. A Spartan could not build a sumptuous house for his family. World Eras. Spartan men were required to contribute a ration of food to the mess and to take their meals there together for most of their adult life. At the bottom of the social ladder, the Helots' agricultural servitude released every Spartan from productive labor. Estates grew larger, and quite a few of them came to be owned by women. Cartledge described Sparta as "a leader of the Greek world" by the year 500, when it directed the Peloponnesian League (Cartledge, 2001, p. 124). Many thought they were military fanatics, but they admired their strength. Sparta used its military strength to dominate the Greek world, culminating in a crushing defeat of Athens in the Peloponnesian Wars (460–404 BC). The main phase, known as the Second Peloponnesian War, lasted from 431 to 404 BC. to pay for the search, they were not citizens. Those who violated the curfew were killed if they were caught. Sparta's expansion exacerbated ethnic conflicts. . One-tenth of the polity's population, fewer than 10,000 people, were full citizens. Parnon (1,935 m). 88–89). As they also served in the Spartan army, their situation appears to have been similar to that of the Perioikoi: the helots took part in some version of the Spartan agoge, perhaps as low-ranking members of it. The third large class of people living in Sparta, the helots, were the descendants of the Bronze Age (3000-1100 b.c.e.) Below the elite Spartiates stood a class known as Perioikoi (“Dwellers Around”). Three Categories. No incredible works of art were created in Sparta as they were in other Greek city-states. "The First Genocide: Carthage 146 BC." 89, 24). In Cartledge's view, Spartan women enjoyed "certain freedoms, including legal freedoms, that were denied to their Athenian counterparts, but they were not, to put it mildly, as liberated as all that" (Cartledge, 2001, p. 106). The main activity of the helots was the cultivation of the farms belonging to their masters: they were the food producers of the Spartans, to whom they delivered a fixed quota of their crops. POPULATION: 30 million, estimated. Praising Sparta for its "abandonment of sick, frail, deformed children," Adolf Hitler called it "the first racialist state" (Weinberg, 2003, p. 21). The Spartiates furnished the executive of the state, the two kings who were the commanders in chief of the army and were the chief religious officials of Sparta, and the five Ephors or “Overseers,” who ran the state from day to day. Sparta (spär´tə), city of ancient Greece, capital of Laconia, on the Eurotas (Evrótas) River in the Peloponnesus. All Rights Reserved. ." The presence of Jews is mentioned during the reigns of the Palaeologi emperors (1261–1453). The Outbreak of the Peloponnesian War. Although it had … The reason for this is that few people actually ruled Sparta, and their power or time in office was limited to avoid corruption. Population: 400,000 The Spartans’ refusal to surrender has been celebrated in myth and literature as an example of heroic resistance in the face of insurmountable odds. . Herbert Orval, D.Sc.(Hon.) Gale Encyclopedia of World History: Governments. This tenuous social structure gave rise to a highly regimented warrior culture that emphasized agoge (rigorous military training). Like some ethnos-type states Sparta was not a great colonizer, the only place of some significance founded by her being Tarentum in southern Italy. The Spartans, in effect, had to wear a uniform; an adult male could always be recognized by his clothes and appearance alone. Yet the regimentation that achieved this stability came with a price: Sparta produced no philosophers, dramatists, and only a few poets, although her way of life was admired by some Greek thinkers. Taygetus (2,407 m) and to the east by Mt. On the other hand, Sparta resembled a city-state like Athens; she had a central government, was the head of a military and political alliance, the Peloponnesian League, and played a dominant role in the politics and history of Greece. World Encyclopedia. Although their equality was not absolute, it reduced rivalry and contentiousness among the peers; seldom, if at all, were there power struggles among them of the sort that occurred in other city-states, including the Athenian democracy. It was not as brutal, perhaps. There was no argument about that. Second, it ensured that Sparta would never be without a leader if one was killed in battle—in fact, after a famous dispute between the kings Demaratus (sixth to fifth centuries BC) and Cleomenes I (d. 490 BC) in 508 BC, the Spartans passed a law requiring one king to remain at home when the other was away in the field. Facts about Ancient Greece Government 1: the city states. As the farmers supplying food to the Spartiates, the Helots had larger quantities of food at their disposal than their masters. From its beginnings, Sparta's system was almost totally agricultural, conservative, and land oriented. They ran businesses.

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