georgia (country population)

Much of eastern Georgia experiences hot summers (especially in the low-lying areas) and relatively cold winters. The population of Georgia is about 4 million people but there is a declining population growth rate, coming in at 1.76 fertility rate (2.1 is the population replacement level). During the Soviet period the Georgian economy was modernized and diversified. 1000 of all 4000 higher plants of Georgia are endemic to this country. [citation needed], Since the early 21st century visible positive developments have been observed in the economy of Georgia. The village of Khurvaleti (700 people) is split between Russian-controlled land and that which is under Georgian control. [98] Russian forces occupied the Georgian cities of Zugdidi,[100] Senaki,[101] Poti,[102] and Gori (the last one after the ceasefire agreement was negotiated). Forest regions are characterized by wild boars, roe and Caucasian deer, brown bears, lynx, wolves, foxes, jackals, hares, and squirrels. Southern Kolkhida receives the most rain, and humidity decreases to the north and east. In Abkhazia, a minority of the Abkhaz population is also Sunni Muslim, alongside the faithful of the revived Abkhaz pagan faith. [114] Since the war, Georgia has maintained that Abkhazia and South Ossetia are occupied Georgian territories.[115][116]. On 7 May, Prime Minister Giorgi Gakharia announced that Georgia will open its borders to foreign citizens on 1 July. Located at the crossroads of Western Asia and Eastern Europe, it is bounded to the west by the Black Sea, to the north by Russia, to the south by Turkey and Armenia, and to the southeast by Azerbaijan. Click on the name of the country or dependency for current estimates (live population … They were invented by King Pharnavaz I of Iberia. Out of the 2,100 glaciers that exist in the Caucasus today, approximately 30% are located within Georgia. The southeastern regions are the driest areas, and winter is the driest season; the rainfall maximum occurs at the end of spring. Spectacular crest-line peaks include those of Mount Shkhara, which at 16,627 feet (5,068 metres) is the highest point in Georgia, and Mounts Rustaveli, Tetnuld, and Ushba, all of which are above 15,000 feet. Neighboring large empires subsequently exploited the internal division of the weakened country, and beginning in the 16th century up to the late 18th century, Safavid Iran (and successive Iranian Afsharid and Qajar dynasties) and Ottoman Turkey subjugated the eastern and western regions of Georgia, respectively. The Constitution of Georgia guarantees freedom of speech. As of 2015, there were 21 commercial banks, of which 5 large banks controlled most of financial assets. One of the most unusual traditions of dining is supra, or Georgian table, which is also a way of socialising with friends and family. Georgia is a country located in the south Caucasia bordering Russia, Armenia, Turkey, and Azerbaijan. An independent Georgian state existed from 1918 to 1921, when it was incorporated into the Soviet Union. Forests cover around 40% of Georgia's territory while the alpine/subalpine zone accounts for roughly around 10 percent of the land. The southern slopes of the Greater Caucasus merge into a second band, consisting of central lowlands formed on a great structural depression. [238], Today 83.4 percent of the population practices Eastern Orthodox Christianity, with the majority of these adhering to the national Georgian Orthodox Church. [citation needed], On 14 February 2005, the agreement on the appointment of Partnership for Peace (PfP) liaison officer between Georgia and NATO came into force, whereby a liaison officer for the South Caucasus was assigned to Georgia. [268] The Georgian language is written in three unique scripts, which according to traditional accounts were invented by King Pharnavaz I of Iberia in the 3rd century BC. After Soviet leader Joseph Stalin, a native Georgian, died in 1953, a wave of protest spread against Nikita Khrushchev and his de-Stalinization reforms, leading to the death of nearly one hundred students in 1956. [111] Russia recognised Abkhazia and South Ossetia as separate republics on 26 August. [19], Today the full, official name of the country is "Georgia", as specified in the Georgian constitution which reads "Georgia is the name of the state of Georgia. The country is a member of the United Nations, the Council of Europe, and the GUAM Organization for Democracy and Economic Development. [citation needed], During the War in Abkhazia (1992–1993), roughly 230,000 to 250,000 Georgians[71] were expelled from Abkhazia by Abkhaz separatists and North Caucasian volunteers (including Chechens). The capital and largest city is Tbilisi. The Georgian language, and the Classical Georgian literature of the poet Shota Rustaveli, were revived in the 19th century after a long period of turmoil, laying the foundations of the romantics and novelists of the modern era such as Grigol Orbeliani, Nikoloz Baratashvili, Ilia Chavchavadze, Akaki Tsereteli, Vazha-Pshavela. The roots of the Georgian people extend deep in history; their cultural heritage is equally ancient and rich. Since 2004 the Georgian Railways have been undergoing a rolling program of fleet-renewal and managerial restructuring which is aimed at making the service provided more efficient and comfortable for passengers. The agreement would allow Russia to join the World Trade Organization (WTO) by December. ; Georgia 2020 population is estimated at 3,989,167 people at mid year according to UN data. Gamsakhurdia stoked Georgian nationalism and vowed to assert Tbilisi's authority over regions such as Abkhazia and South Ossetia that had been classified as autonomous oblasts under the Soviet Union. The highest mountain in Georgia is Mount Shkhara at 5,193 m. The coastline of Georgia is 310 km long. [157][158] A new force was then subsequently built around new recruits. The unified Kingdom of Georgia reached its Golden Age during the reign of King David the Builder and Queen Tamar the Great in the 12th and early 13th centuries. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. To the north lies the wall of the Greater Caucasus range, consisting of a series of parallel and transverse mountain belts rising eastward and often separated by deep, wild gorges. The vineyards of the republic constitute one of the oldest and most important branches of Georgian agriculture and perhaps the best loved. [citation needed], In 2005, President Mikheil Saakashvili fired the entire traffic police force (numbering around 30,000 police officers) of the Georgian National Police due to corruption. The culture continued and they flourished through trade. This expedition confirmed the known depth of the cave at 2,140 meters (7,021 ft). [163], The government came under criticism for its alleged use of excessive force on 26 May 2011 when it dispersed protesters led by Nino Burjanadze, among others, with tear gas and rubber bullets after they refused to clear Rustaveli avenue for an independence day parade despite the expiration of their demonstration permit and despite being offered to choose an alternative venue. Supported by a powerful military élite, Tamar was able to build on the successes of her predecessors to consolidate an empire which dominated the Caucasus, and extended over large parts of present-day Azerbaijan, Armenia, and eastern Turkey as well as parts of northern Iran,[45] until its collapse under the Mongol attacks within two decades after Tamar's death in 1213.[46]. After obtaining independence for the state, the matter of church independence became the main problem. [162] Georgia has ratified the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities in 2005. The population of Georgia is about 4 million people but there is a declining population growth rate, coming in at 1.76 fertility rate (2.1 is the population replacement level).

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