chen duxiu

[6] His settlement in the French Concession[7] allowed him to pursue his intellectual and scholarly interests free from official persecution. According to Han Suyin in Mortal Flower, Chen "opposed the opinions expressed [in Mao's analysis], denied that a radical land policy and the vigorous organization of the rural areas under the Communist party was necessary, and refused the publication of the essay in the central executive organs of publicity. Secretary of the Central Bureau of the Communist Party of China, Chairman of the Central Executive Committee, General Secretary of the Central Committee, First Congress of the Communist Party in Shanghai, Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, "Chen Biography Author: Mao Zedong's 'Nobility'", The greatest injustice in the history of the CPC: Chen's nine charges all groundless, "Chen Duxiu and the Fourth International, 1937-1942", General Secretary of the Communist Party of China, https://infogalactic.com/w/index.php?title=Chen_Duxiu&oldid=62208, Articles containing traditional Chinese-language text, Articles containing simplified Chinese-language text, Articles containing Chinese-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2015, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2011, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2008, Articles with Chinese-language external links, General Secretaries and Chairmen of the Communist Party of China, Communist Party of China politicians from Anhui, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, About Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core. On March 31, 1904, Chen founded Anhui Suhua Bao, a newspaper that he established with Fang Zhiwu and Wu Shou in Tokyo to promote revolutionary ideas using vernacular Chinese, which was simple to understand and easy for the general public to read. Chen was then tried and sentenced to fifteen years in prison by the Nationalist government. Chen's publications emphasized the responses from their audience. [2] A thorough knowledge of Confucian literary and philosophical works was the pre-requisites for civil service in Imperial China. The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. . ." Later, Chen wrote to Hu Shih about his dissatisfaction with Hu’s intimacy with many conservative faculty members of Peking University. 陈独秀 陳獨秀 Chen Duxiu General Secretary of the Communist Party of China In office 2 August 1921 – 7 August 1927 Succeeded by … Wikipedia. Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA). It preached orthodoxy of thought, disregarding freedom of thinking and expression. This journal published articles attacking conservative Chinese morality and promoting individualism. Chen Duxiu. It promoted family values and rejected the idea that the individual was the basic unit of society. Script error: The function "getCommonsLink" does not exist. In New Youth there were forums and citizens' columns. Chen Duxiu (October 8 1879 - May 27 1942) played many different roles in Chinese history. He insisted on telling the truth to the Chinese people and strengthening the Chinese media for later generations. Li Ta-chao In 1916 the name was changed to "New Youth." The journal was highly critical of Confucianism, and carried articles promoting the adoption of a Western moral system valuing human rights, democracy, and science, which he believed Confucianism opposed. Chen Henian (later renamed Chen Zhemin) and Chen Zimei(Second Wife's Children). This cooperation with the Comintern would later prove to be a problem for the fledgling CPC over the next decade, as aggressive foreign Comintern advisors would try to force policy according to the wishes of Moscow and against the will of many prominent CPC leaders, often for the national interest of the USSR. Dean of Peking University in 1916, and, in 1921, co-founder of the Chinese Communist Party, Chen also edited and published the popular New Youth magazine. [2] Chen continued to oppose measures like "New Democracy" and the "Bloc of Four Classes" advocated by Mao Zedong. Almost all of these additional topics were written by Chen. [1] In 1908, he accepted a teaching position at the Army Elementary School in Hangzhou.[2][3]. In 1956 Mao Zedong said that Chen represented the gravest of all of the Right deviations in the party's history to that time. During the last years of his life, Chen denounced Stalin's dictatorship, and held that various democratic institutions, including independent judiciaries, opposition parties, a free press, and free elections, were important and valuable. In 1921, Chen Duxiu, Li Dazhao and other prominent revolutionary leaders founded the Communist Party of China (CCP). In 1932, Chen was arrested by the government of the Shanghai International Settlement, where he had been living since 1927, and extradited to Nanjing. [2] Today, he is buried at his birthplace of Anqing. In his youth, he was described as volatile, emotional, intuitive, non-intellectual, and a defender of the underdog. After his release, Chen travelled from place to place until the summer of 1938, when he arrived at the wartime capital of Chongqing and took a position teaching at a junior high school. [1] A Marxist study group at the university, led by Li Dazhao, attracted his attention in 1919. The Shanghai local government banned the sale of a publication called "Guomin Ribao" (国民日报/國民日報) on December 1, 1903. Chen's articles strove to attract publicity, and often arouse discussion by using hyperbole. From 1915 to 1918 it opposed Chinese conservatism (especially conservatism associated with Confucianism) and promoted the development of democracy. The passage below is an excerpt from his article entitled “Our Final Awakening,” published in New Chen's decision to run this edition, and his activities in the May Fourth Movement that same year, motivated conservative opponents within the university to force his resignation in the fall of 1919. Chen felt that his articles should reflect the needs of society. This article was aimed at removing the old beliefs of Confucianism. At the time, New Youth was highly popular, and Chen decided to run a special edition on Marxism with Li Dazhao as the edition's general editor. Chen was an exceptional student, but his poor experiences taking the Confucian civil service exams resulted in a lifelong tendency to advocate unconventional beliefs and to criticize traditional ideas. Chen was a leading figure in the anti-imperial Xinhai Revolution and the May Fourth Movement for Science and Democracy. After his release, Chen moved to Shanghai and became more interested in Marxism and the promotion of rapid social change. It has been generally asserted that Chen, Li and the other Chinese radicals of the time (including future chairman Mao Zedong) formed the CCP out of diligent study of Marxist theories, inspired by the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was in Japan where Chen became influenced by socialism and the growing Chinese dissident movement. Within the “Cite this article” tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. This preliminary magazine was released for 10 issues in total, before it was prevented from publishing. To Chen, Confucianism was to be rooted out because: Chen called for the destruction of tradition, and his attacks on traditionalism gave new options to the youth of his time. Against this background Chen Duxiu became an increasingly influential activist in the revolutionary movement against both foreign imperialism and the Qing government itself. The magazine mainly advocated the use of vernacular language, socialism, and Marxism, and was strongly against feudalism. It promoted the idea that those who love their country should spare no pains to protect it, and should fight for the rights of its citizens. Politically, he advocated the Trotskyist theory of Marxism. Chen Duxiu /jun" dooh"shyooh"/ 1879-1942, Chinese intellectual, journalist, and cofounder of the Chinese Communist party. 2012. Letter to Chen Qichang and Others (21 November 1937) Letter to Leon Trotsky (3 November 1938) However, Chen fled to Japan again in 1913 following the short-lived "Second Revolution" against Yuan Shikai, but returned to China soon afterwards. Over time, the more prominent revolutionaries attracted to the early Chinese Communist Party eventually adopted a more orthodox interpretation of Communism, and were organized through the influence of a Comintern advisor, Grigori Voitinsky, who made a tour of China during 1920-21. At the First Congress of the Communist Party in Shanghai, Chen was elected (in absentia) as the party's first General Secretary; and, with the assistance of Li Dazhao, he developed what would become a crucial cooperative relationship with the International Communist Movement, the Comintern.

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